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独自の例を追加してこの記事を充実させ、式マネージャーを使おうとしているユーザーを支援してください。

構造

この記事の最初の部分では、式の使用方法と式を検索／追加する場所について説明します。 2番目のセクションでは、式の使用例を紹介します。

式のカテゴリー

LimeSurveyは次の目的で式を使います。

出現条件

目的: 質問グループ／質問を非表示にする

出現条件は、質問グループまたは質問を表示するかどうかを制御します。式の結果が "true"（つまり1）の場合、その要素が表示されます。それ以外の場合（式の結果が "false"（つまり0）の場合）、その要素は非表示になります。

種類	表示/非表示	場所
質問グループの出現条件	質問グループ	質問グループの作成／編集 -> "出現条件式:"
質問の出現条件	質問	質問の作成／編集 -> "出現条件式:"
サブ質問の出現条件	サブ質問	サブ質問の編集 -> "出現条件式:"

検証

目的: 質問／サブ質問／回答の入力／操作を検証する

検証は、回答者の質問に対する入力や操作が有効かどうかを制御します。式の結果が"true"（すなわち1）である場合、当該の要素および検証メッセージに"good"クラスが適用されます。一方、式の結果が"false"（すなわち0）である場合、当該の要素および検証メッセージに"error"クラスが適用されます。template.cssでこれらのクラスのスタイルを宣言することができます。

種類	検証対象	場所	スクリーンショット
質問の検証	質問	質問の作成／編集 -> "ロジックタブ" -> "質問検証式"
サブ質問の検証	サブ質問	質問の作成／編集 -> "ロジックタブ" -> "サブ質問の検証式"	‎

テキスト出力

目的: （何かをして）テキストを出力する

式を使用してテキストを書き出すことができます。たとえば、何かをテストまたは計算し、テストまたは計算の結果に応じて出力を指定することができます。また、先行する質問のテキスト、回答、質問タイプ等を挿入するために使用することもできます。テキスト出力は、テキストが表示されているあらゆる場所で使用でき、あらゆる種類の結果を返すことができます。

ケース	内容
文言調整	先行する質問への回答で得た性別に応じて"Mr"か"Mrs"を使い分けるなど、テキストを調整します。
計算	"あなたの家計収入はxxxです"のように、数値を計算し出力します。
参照	"あなたの名前はxxxです。何歳ですか。"のように他の要素のテキストを挿入します。

回答を保存する

Purposes: (Do something,) (write out some text) and store something in the database

The Equation Question Type can be used to store something in the database. You can do something with an Expression, show the Equation question (which is similar to a text display) and store the result of the Expression in the database. It stores the answer into the responses table. Then, the result can be used within the statistics feature or it can also be imported into one of the formats provided by the LimeSurvey export functionality.

式の例

先行する質問の回答を挿入する

Purpose	Insert an answer from a previous question
Type	Reference
Example	Question one (question code "Q00"): What city do you live in? Question two (question code "Q01") How long have you lived in CITY? To do: The answer from question one should be used instead of "CITY" from the second question.
Expression	{QOO}
Description	The answer provided in Q00 replaces the Q00 field from the second question
Steps	Create/Edit question two Insert "How long have you lived in {QOO} (years)?" into the question text field

回答を自動入力するために非表示の質問を使う

Problem: Imagine you have two questions Q1 and Q2. Q1 asks respondents for their age. Q2 divides respondents into three groups: age is below 20 years, age is 20, age is greater than 20. So, Q2 should make use of the values "1", "2", "3", which correspond to the above conditions. Also, we should not forget to make Q2 invisible (the question will not be displayed in the survey, but the values will be via the "background process" within the responses table).

To fill in the database using the Equation question type:

First, create a question with code Q1 as a numerical input question.
Then create another question with code Q2 as an equation question.
In the "Display settings" tab chapter of Q2:
- set "Always hide this question" field as "On"
- type in "Equation" field the expression:

Q2=if(Q1.NAOK < 20, "1", if(Q1.NAOK > 20, "3", "2"))}

プレースホルダーを使って要約ページを作成する

This tutorial demonstrates how you can create an overview at the end of the survey, listing all questions and answers via Expression Manager placeholders. It also shows how to limit such an overview to answered questions only.

Our example can be downloaded from here: Survey placeholders survey example.

Question types being used here:

1. Single choice questions / single text/numeric questions

List (dropdown)
List (radio) [L]
Yes/No [Y]
Long free text [T]
Short free text [S]
Numerical input [N]
Equation [*]

2. Question with subquestions

Multiple short text [Q]
Multiple choice [M]
Array [F]
Array (Yes/No/Uncertain) [C]
Array (10 point choice) [B]

3. Questions with 2 scales

Array dual scale [1]

4. Questions with X and Y scales

Array (Numbers) [:]

5. Mask questions

Text display [X]

In this simple example, our overview will be a simple list with:

- Question text: User's answer

択一の質問 / 単一のテキスト／数値を入力する質問

For all these question types, Limesurvey will store a single response:

List (dropdown)
List (radio)
List with comment
5 point choice
Yes/No
Short free text
Long free text
Huge free text
Numerical input
Equation
Date
Gender

Assuming the question code of the question is q1, we can reference the question text and answer using:

- {q1.question}: {q1.shown}

例:

- 何歳ですか。: 25

その質問に回答したかどうかを確認したい場合は、出力を囲むようにIF文を記述します：

{if(!is_empty(q1),join("- ",q1.question,": ",q1.shown),"")}

This "translates" to: IF question with code q1 is not empty, output "- " AND the question text AND ": " AND the answer text (the join() function joins elements as a new string; ELSE: output nothing ("" means empty string).

サブ質問付きの質問

For all these question types LimeSurvey uses subquestions:

Multiple short text
Multiple choice
Multiple choice with comments
Array
Array (5 point choice)
Array (10 point choice)
Array (Yes/No/Uncertain)
Array (Increase/Same/Decrease)
Array by column

Assuming the question code of the question is q2 and the subquestions are numbered SQ001, SQ002, (auto-numbering done by LimeSurvey), we can reference the question text and answer using:

- {q2_SQ001.question}: {q2_SQ001.shown}

- {q2_SQ002.question}: {q2_SQ002.shown}

For multiple choice questions it makes sense to now show the text of the ticked subquestion but to show a Y for each selected option:

- {q2_SQ001.question}: {q2_SQ001}

- {q2_SQ002.question}: {q2_SQ002}

...

Note that currently it is not possible to output the question text of questions with subquestions, see this feature request.

例1 （質問タイプが複数選択の場合）

- Do you know these car brands?

-- Mercedes: Y

-- Audi: N

If you want to output checked items only you can put an IF statement around your output and check for the checkbox value:

{if(q2_SQ001=="Y",join("- ",q2_SQ001.question,": ",q2_SQ001.shown),"")}

例 2 （質問タイプが配列（10点尺度）の場合）

- Please rate the quality of the car brands below on a scale from 1=very bad to 10=very good?

-- Mercedes: 7

-- Audi: 9

If you want to output rated items only you can put an IF statement around your output and check if the current sub question was answered by using:

{if(!is_empty(q3_SQ001),join("- ",q3_SQ001.question,": ",q3_SQ001.shown),"")}

２つの尺度を持つ質問

This applies to the dual scale question type only.

Let's assume that the following codes are being used:

Question code: q4
Subquestion codes: SQ001, SQ002, ...
Answer codes scale 1: A1, A2, ...
Answer codes scale 2: B1, B2, ...

To refer to the result of a certain subquestion on a certain scale, you need to use QuestionCode . '_' . SubQuestionCode . '_' . ScaleID. Note that "ScaleID" is 0 for the first scale and 1 for the other!
Example for referring to the answer of the third subquestion and second scale: q4_SQ003_1 - Question 4, subquestion 3, second scale.

Let's output the results for both scales and the first two subquestions:

- {q4_SQ001_0.question}: {q4_SQ001_0.shown} / {q4_SQ001_1.shown}

- {q4_SQ002_0.question}: {q4_SQ002_0.shown} / {q4_SQ002_1.shown}

To output the subquestion text, you need to add the scale ID to the placeholder (though the texts are the same for both scales). So instead of {q4_SQ001.question} we have to use {q4_SQ001_0.question} or {q4_SQ001_1.question}.

If you want to export/display the results of subquestions with at least one answer only, use this syntax for each subquestion:

{if(count(q4_SQ001_0,q4_SQ001_1)>0,join("- ",q4_SQ001_0.question,": ",q4_SQ001_0.shown," / ",q4_SQ001_1.shown),"")}

二次元の尺度を持つ質問

This applies to all matrix questions which allow an answer for every cell (not just every row as shown previously):

Array Texts
Array Numbers

Assumed codes used:

Question code: q5
Subquestion codes: SQ001, SQ002, ...
Answer codes: A1, A2, ...

To refer to the result of a certain subquestion from a certain column, you need to use QuestionCode . '_' . SubQuestionCode . '_' . AnswerCode. Example for referring to the answer of the third subquestion and second column: q5_SQ003_A2.

Let's output the results for columns 1-3 of the first two subquestions:

- {q5_SQ001_A1.question}: {q5_SQ001_A1.shown} | {q5_SQ001_A2.shown} | {q5_SQ001_A3.shown}

- {q5_SQ002_A1.question}: {q5_SQ002_A1.shown} | {q5_SQ002_A2.shown} | {q5_SQ002_A3.shown}

Since for these question types each cell (combination of X axes and Y axes) equals one answer option, a test for existing data needs to be done for each cell. Example:

{if(!is_empty(q5_SQ001_A1),join("- ",q5_SQ001_A1.question,": ",q5_SQ001_A1.shown),"")}

To output the subquestion text you need to add the answer code to the placeholder (though the texts are the same for all answer options). So instead of {q5_SQ001.question} we have to use {q5_SQ001_A1.question} or {q5_SQ001_A2.question}.

先行する質問の回答が空白の場合に質問を非表示にする

Purpose	Hide question if answer from previous question is empty
Type	Question Relevance
Example	Question one: question code "name", question text "What's your name?" Question two: question text "{name}, how old are you?" To do: Hide question two if the textfield of question one is empty
Expression	!is_empty(name)
Description	is_empty() determines whether a variable is considered to be empty. The "!" negates the result. So if the variable is not empty the Expression will be true and the question is shown
Steps	Create/edit question two Insert "!is_empty(name)" into "Relevance equation:"
Sample File	Hide_question_if_empty_question_group.zip

先行する質問の回答が「はい」または「いいえ」の場合、質問グループを非表示にする

Purpose	Hide question group if answer from previous question is Yes or No
Type	Question group Relevance
Example	Page one, Question Group one, Question one: question code "PET", question text "Do you have a pet?" -Yes -No Page two, Question Group two: Title "About your pet(s)" To do: Show/Hide question group two if answer from question one is Yes/No
Expression	PET == "Y"
Description	PET is the question code for the question you want to check the answer. If you don't use a suffix EM will use "Qcode.code". So you compare the answer code from the PET question to the value "Y". If the participant answers "Yes" the Expression is true and the question group "About your pet(s)" will be shown.
Steps	Create/edit question group two Insert "PET == "Y"" into "Relevance equation:"
Sample File	Hide_question group_if_answer_from_previous_question_is_Yes_or_No.zip

Display value of a multiple answer input question field

Purpose	Display value of a multiple answer input question field
Type	Reference
Example	Question one: question code "AskChildAge", question text "How old are your children?". Subquestions codes -Child1 -Child2 -Child3 - ChildXXX Question two: question code "ReportChildAge" question text "About your first child: - CHILD1 is AGE1."
Expression	{AskChildAge_Child1.question}, {AskChildAge_Child1.value}
Description	You want to use the value of a subquestion in a following question. You can access the subquestion value with this kind of expression: QcodeQuestion_QcodeSubquestion.value
Steps	Create/edit the second question Insert this text in the description: "About your first child: - {AskChildAge_Child1.question} is {AskChildAge_Child1.value}."
Sample File	Display_value_of_a_multiple_answer_input_question_field.zip

"配列（数値）チェックボックス質問"で行ごとにチェックされた数を検証する

Purpose	Validate number of boxes ticked per row
Type	Validation
Example	Question of type "Array Numbers (Checkbox Layout)"
Expression	sum(...)
Description	(sum(Test_A_1, Test_A_2, Test_A_3, Test_A_4, Test_A_5) <= X) determines whether at least X checkboxes in row A are checked. If you want to check all three rows (A, B, C), you can connect the expression using "&&": (sum(Test_A_1, Test_A_2, Test_A_3, Test_A_4, Test_A_5) <= X) && (sum(Test_B_1, Test_B_2, Test_B_3, Test_B_4, Test_B_5) <= X) && (sum(Test_C_1, Test_C_2, Test_C_3, Test_C_4, Test_C_5) <= X)
Steps	Create/edit question of type "Array Numbers (Checkbox Layout)". Insert the above expression into "Question validation equation" at the advanced question settings (you might have to adjust variable namings!).
Sample File	Validate number of boxes ticker per row for an Array (Numbers) Checkbox.lss

2つの日付の差を計算する

Purpose	Calculate difference between two dates
Type	Relevance / Equation question type / Validation
Example	Question one (date/time, code: DOB): What is your date of birth? Question two (date/time, code: datetoday): What is the date today? Question three (boilerplate): You are XXXX days old. To do: Calculate and display the number of days between the date given in question 1 and the question 2.
Expression	{(strtotime(datetoday)-strtotime(DOB))/60/60/24}
Description	strtotime calculates the number of seconds between the 1st of January 1970 and the given date. The above expression calculates the number of seconds between the two given dates. The term "/60/60/24" just calculates the number of days from the number of seconds. Instead of asking for the "datetoday", you can also use strtotime('now') or simply time(), which directly returns the number of seconds from January 1970 until now (i.e. the time the survey was taken). Thus you could quickly figure out the age of a person in years with the equation {(time() - strtotime(DOB)) / 60 / 60 / 24 / 365.25} In any of these cases, it is critical that the date is entered in a proper format, otherwise the strtotime() function will not work right.
Steps	Create two date questions (for the date of birth and for today's date) and a boilerplate question. In the question text of the boilerplate question insert: "On {datetoday} you were {(strtotime(today)-strtotime(dob))/60/60/24} days days old." Please note: The function strtotime can work with MANY but not all date formats. If you run into problems set your survey's date format to mm/dd/yyyy or yyyy-mm-dd or dd.mm.yyyy"
Sample File	Date_difference.zip

式マネージャーを評価に使用する

Here comes another example on how to use the Expression Manager with Array type questions and assessments:</ br>

Let's say you have 2 array questions and you want to save the results of the calculation data to your database. It is actually simple, you will need to create and test your arrays and submit a dummy response to see if it works and gives you the results in the completed page.

Implementation details:

add a question of type equation
add the following line assuming that Q1 is your array question code while Q2 is the second one:
- ```
{sum(Q1_SQ001.value,Q2_SQ001.value)}
```

Note that SQ001 is the default code for any subquestion. If you change the subquestion code, adjust the equation above accordingly.

配列でem_validation_qを使用する

You can use the question validation equation to control an array with any condition.